Hives: Causes, Treatment & When to Seek Emergency Care

What Is Hives?

Hives (urticaria) are raised, itchy welts on the skin that appear suddenly and can range in size from small spots to large patches. They are usually caused by an allergic reaction and often resolve within 24 hours. However, hives with throat swelling or breathing difficulty is a medical emergency.

Common Causes of Hives

• Allergic reactions (food, medication)
• Insect stings
• Infections
• Stress
• Temperature extremes
• Physical pressure on skin

When to See a Doctor

See a doctor if hives last more than a few days, keep recurring, or cause significant discomfort. Seek emergency care immediately if hives are accompanied by difficulty breathing, throat or tongue swelling, dizziness, or rapid heartbeat.

Warning Signs That Need Immediate Attention

Frequently Asked Questions

What triggers hives?

Common triggers include foods (nuts, shellfish, eggs), medications (antibiotics, NSAIDs), insect stings, latex, infections, stress, and temperature changes. Sometimes the trigger is never identified.

How long do hives last?

Individual hives usually fade within 24 hours, but new ones may appear. Acute hives typically resolve within 6 weeks. Chronic hives lasting more than 6 weeks need medical evaluation.

When are hives dangerous?

Hives are dangerous when accompanied by anaphylaxis symptoms: throat swelling, difficulty breathing, dizziness, rapid pulse, or nausea. This is a medical emergency requiring epinephrine and calling 911.

What helps hives go away?

Antihistamines like cetirizine or diphenhydramine are the first-line treatment. Cool compresses, loose clothing, and avoiding triggers help. Severe cases may need prescription antihistamines or corticosteroids.

How much does allergy testing cost?

Skin prick testing costs $200-$500. Blood allergy panels cost $200-$1,000. An allergist consultation costs $200-$500. OpenMyPro helps you find affordable allergy specialists.

Related Resources